Antiparasitic
Antiparasitic
LEVOZAND® 10
Levamisole Hydrochloride 10% Oral Solution
Composition
| Ingredient | Amount | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Each ml of LEVOZAND® 10% contains | ||
| levamisole hydrochloride | 100 | mg |
Mechanism of action
Levamisole is an anthelmintic of the imidazothiazole group. Its antiparasitic activity is mediated primarily by stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in nematodes. By binding to and activating these receptors in the parasite’s neuromuscular system, levamisole causes sustained depolarization and muscle contraction, resulting in spastic paralysis of the nematode. The paralyzed worm can no longer maintain its position in the gastrointestinal tract or other sites of residence and is expelled by normal gastrointestinal motility.
Target species
Poultry, cattle, sheep, and goats
Indications
Levamisole is used for the treatment and control of parasitic gastroenteritis and respiratory disease caused by susceptible nematodes, including adult and developing immature stages, in livestock and poultry. In livestock, it is effective against gastrointestinal nematodes, including Haemonchus, Ostertagia, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia, Nematodirus, Bunostomum, Oesophagostomum, and Chabertia, and lungworms of the genus Dictyocaulus. In poultry, levamisole is also used to treat and control infections caused by susceptible gastrointestinal nematodes, including Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum; activity against certain Capillaria species has also been reported.
Packaging
1 liter polyethylene bottles
Storage Conditions
Store below 25°C, protected from direct light, in the original packaging. After opening, keep the container cap tightly closed. Protect from freezing.
Dosage and Administration
Cattle, sheep, and goats
7.5 mg of levamisole per kg body weight, equivalent to 0.75 ml of LEVOZAND® 10 per 10 kg body weight, administered by direct oral drenching using a drench gun or a needleless syringe.
In cattle weighing more than 300 kg, add 0.75 ml for each additional 10 kg of body weight; and in sheep weighing more than 60 kg, add 0.375 ml for each additional 5 kg of body weight to the dose.
In pregnant ewes, subject to the recommendation of a veterinarian, treatment may be administered approximately 6 weeks prior to lambing and repeated at weaning.
Poultry
For the control and treatment of nematode infections:
20 to 30 mg of levamisole per kg body weight or 1 liter of LEVOZAND® 10 per 1000 liters of drinking water for 1 day, repeated after 21 days.
For immune system stimulation:
20 to 30 mg of levamisole hydrochloride per kg body weight or 1 liter of LEVOZAND® 10 per 3000 liters of drinking water for 3 days, repeated after 3 days.
- As directed by a veterinarian
7.5 mg of levamisole per kg body weight, equivalent to 0.75 ml of LEVOZAND® 10 per 10 kg body weight, administered by direct oral drenching using a drench gun or a needleless syringe.
In cattle weighing more than 300 kg, add 0.75 ml for each additional 10 kg of body weight; and in sheep weighing more than 60 kg, add 0.375 ml for each additional 5 kg of body weight to the dose.
In pregnant ewes, subject to the recommendation of a veterinarian, treatment may be administered approximately 6 weeks prior to lambing and repeated at weaning.
Poultry
For the control and treatment of nematode infections:
20 to 30 mg of levamisole per kg body weight or 1 liter of LEVOZAND® 10 per 1000 liters of drinking water for 1 day, repeated after 21 days.
For immune system stimulation:
20 to 30 mg of levamisole hydrochloride per kg body weight or 1 liter of LEVOZAND® 10 per 3000 liters of drinking water for 3 days, repeated after 3 days.
- As directed by a veterinarian
Withdrawal period
Poultry: 10 days
Cattle: 14 days
Sheep and goats: 21 days
Cattle: 14 days
Sheep and goats: 21 days
Contraindications
Do not use in animals producing milk for human consumption.
Do not use in laying birds producing eggs for human consumption.
Do not use in laying birds producing eggs for human consumption.
Precautions
Do not exceed the recommended dose of LEVOZAND® 10 Signs of levamisole toxicity may include increased salivation, hyperexcitability, tremors and muscle contractions, head shaking, impaired locomotion, dyspnea, increased urination and defecation, and, in severe cases, collapse and death.
In poultry, LEVOZAND® 10 toxicity may be associated with depression, ataxia, and paralysis of the wings or legs.
Medicated drinking water should be consumed within 24 hours.
Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling this product.
Keep out of reach of children.
In poultry, LEVOZAND® 10 toxicity may be associated with depression, ataxia, and paralysis of the wings or legs.
Medicated drinking water should be consumed within 24 hours.
Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling this product.
Keep out of reach of children.
Drug interactions
Avoid concomitant administration of LEVOZAND® 10 with florfenicol.
Concomitant administration of LEVOZAND® 10 with drugs possessing nicotinic-like effects, such as pyrantel, morantel, and diethylcarbamazine, as well as cholinesterase-inhibiting compounds, particularly organophosphates, is not recommended due to the potential risk of increased levamisole toxicity.
Concomitant administration of LEVOZAND® 10 with drugs possessing nicotinic-like effects, such as pyrantel, morantel, and diethylcarbamazine, as well as cholinesterase-inhibiting compounds, particularly organophosphates, is not recommended due to the potential risk of increased levamisole toxicity.
Levamisole Hydrochloride 10% Oral Solution